{"id":322,"date":"2020-01-26T20:21:14","date_gmt":"2020-01-26T20:21:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/?p=322"},"modified":"2020-01-26T20:22:37","modified_gmt":"2020-01-26T20:22:37","slug":"an-analytical-critical-investigation-of-differences-between-had-and-tazir-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/an-analytical-critical-investigation-of-differences-between-had-and-tazir-2\/","title":{"rendered":"An Analytical-Critical Investigation of Differences Between Had and Ta\u2019zir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/HAD-TAZIR-DEMARCATION-ARTICLE.docx\">HAD-TAZIR-DEMARCATION-ARTICLE<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/HAD-TAZIR-DEMARCATION-ARTICLE.docx\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download>Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>An\nAnalytical-Critical Investigation of Differences Between Had and Ta\u2019zir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Rahim Nobahar(PhD),\nFaculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the basic rules of Islamic criminal law,\npunishments are classified in to <em>&#8220;had&#8221;<\/em> (prescribed punishment\nfixed in law) and <em>ta\u2019zir<\/em> (discretionary punishment left to the decision\nof the judge). In traditional view, it is believed that in addition to the fact\nthat these two types of punishments are stemming from two different types of\ncrimes, the characteristics and precepts of these two kinds of punishments are\nvery different. The recurrence of the differences between <em>&#8220;had&#8221;<\/em>\nand <em>&#8220;ta\u2019zir&#8221;<\/em> in jurisprudential books through out the\ncenturies has made these differences determined and fixed and increased\nproblematically and unjustifiably the gap between &#8220;had&#8221; and\n&#8220;ta\u2019zir&#8221;. This article reviews this classification and differences\nbetween <em>&#8220;had&#8221;<\/em> and <em>&#8220;ta\u2019zir&#8221;<\/em> as recognized in\ntraditional jurisprudential view. According to the findings of the article, the\nhistorical analysis of the origins of these differences may lead us to a new\nunderstanding of these differences. The differences mentioned in the orthodox\nview are often related to the characteristics and rules of all kinds of\npunishments. A literal and limited approach to religious texts related to the\nissue and a particular understanding of the word <em>&#8220;had&#8221;<\/em> has\nyielded to the idea that these rules are specific to <em>&#8220;had&#8221;.<\/em>\nAccording to this article, these rational principles have been recognized more\nor less in almost all rational criminal law systems and therefore, it is not\njustified to be considered as special characteristics and principles of\n&#8220;had&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keywords: : <a href=\"http:\/\/rahbord.csr.ir\/En-tags\/had,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">had,<\/a> \u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/rahbord.csr.ir\/En-tags\/ta\u2019zir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ta\u2019zir<\/a>\n\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/rahbord.csr.ir\/En-tags\/%20Islamic%20jurisprudence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Islamic jurisprudence<\/a> \u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/rahbord.csr.ir\/En-tags\/%20Islamic%20criminal%20law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Islamic criminal law<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A full Persian version of this article is published in: Scientific\nResearch journal of <em>Rahbord,<\/em> No. 82, Spring 2007, pp. 79-105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rahbord.csr.ir\/En-Article\/139603271120305003010\">link<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An Analytical-Critical Investigation of Differences Between Had and Ta\u2019zir Rahim Nobahar(PhD), Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University According to the basic rules of Islamic criminal law, punishments are classified in to &#8220;had&#8221; (prescribed punishment fixed in law) and ta\u2019zir (discretionary punishment left to the decision of the judge). In traditional view, it is believed that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,5],"tags":[68,99,54],"class_list":["post-322","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","category-islamic-law","tag-had","tag-islamic-criminal-law","tag-islamic-jurispuridance"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=322"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":324,"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322\/revisions\/324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=322"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=322"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rnobahar.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=322"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}